Copyright (c) 2009 University of Connecticut All rights reserved. http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs Recent documents in CHIP Documents en-us Mon, 24 Aug 2009 06:54:32 PDT 3600 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/26 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/26 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 06:54:27 PDT Suboptimal adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may have serious consequences for HIV patients, and for public health overall. The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model of HAART adherence can be used to understand the dynamics of HAART adherence and to intervene with patients to promote more optimal levels of adherence. This article reviews the core hypotheses of the IMB model of HAART adherence and describes available correlational and experimental evaluations of the model, outcomes of adherence intervention trials that applied the model, and IMB model-based interventions that are currently under evaluation. It then explores one potential promising application of the model that uses a protocol originally developed and demonstrated as a structured patientcentered, provider-delivered risk reduction intervention to deliver information, motivation, and behavioral skills-based adherence-promotion strategies. This protocol could be incorporated into clinical practice as a valuable tool in working with patients individually. Jeffrey D. Fisher http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/25 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/25 Thu, 06 Aug 2009 05:57:27 PDT There remains much to be done to understand why, when, and under what conditions PLWH practice risk. substantial work also needs to be performed to design, implement, rigorously evaluate, and when effective, to disseminate widely, additional, evidencebased PfP interventions targeting diverse populations. Directing such interventions to populations of PLWH at greatest risk for transmission of HIV has the potential to yield significant impact on the pandemic. Jeffrey D. Fisher http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/23 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/23 Tue, 30 Oct 2007 10:38:34 PDT Objective. Use of computers to promote healthy behavior is increasing. To summarize and evaluate the efficacy of these computer-delivered interventions, we conducted a meta-analysis of the published literature.Method. Studies examining health domains related to the leading health indicators outlined in Healthy People 2010 were selected. Data from 75 randomized controlled trials, published between 1988 and 2007, with 35,685 participants and 82 separate interventions were included. All studies were coded independently by two raters for study and participant characteristics, design and methodology, and intervention content. We calculated weighted mean effect sizes for theoretically-meaningful psychosocial and behavioral outcomes; moderator analyses determined the relation between study characteristics and the magnitude of effect sizes for heterogeneous outcomes.Results. Compared with controls, participants who received a computer-delivered intervention improved several hypothesized antecedents of health behavior (knowledge, attitudes, and intentions); intervention recipients also improved several health behaviors (nutrition, tobacco use, substance use, safer sexual behavior, binge/purge behaviors) and general health maintenance. Several sample, study and intervention characteristics moderated the psychosocial and behavioral outcomes. Conclusion. Computer-delivered interventions can lead to improved behavioral health outcomes at first post-intervention assessment. Interventions evaluating outcomes at extended assessment periods are needed to evaluate the long-lasting efficacy of computer-delivered interventions. David B. Portnoy http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/22 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/22 Wed, 26 Sep 2007 11:51:01 PDT This table accompanies the manuscript entitled "Religion/Spirituality and Change in Meaning after Bereavement: Qualitative Evidence for the Meaning Making Model" by Wortmann & Park (2009). The table summarizes the sample characteristics for published, qualitative studies that describe the involvement of religion/spirituality in adjustment after bereavement. Fields include author(s)'s last name, publication year, population characteristics and sample size, study design, age of the bereaved, type or cause of death, and time post-loss. Jennifer H. Wortmann http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/21 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/21 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 07:04:38 PDT This table accompanies the article entitled "Religion and Spirituality in Adjustment Following Bereavement: An Integrative Review," (Wortmann & Park, 2008). The table summarizes the results of published studies that contain a quantitative assessment of religion and an adjustment outcome in bereaved participants. Fields include author(s)'s last name, publication year, sample characteristics, independent religious/spiritual variable, adjustment variable, results, and study design. Jennifer H. Wortmann http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/20 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/20 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 06:53:59 PST Tania Huedo-Medina http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/19 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/19 Mon, 26 Feb 2007 11:41:17 PST In meta-analysis, the usual way of assessing whether a set of single studies is homogeneous is by means of the Q test. However, the Q test only informs meta-analysts about the presence versus the absence of heterogeneity, but it does not report on the extent of such heterogeneity. Recently, the IČ index has been proposed to quantify the degree of heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. In this article, the performances of the Q test and the confidence interval around the IČ index are compared by means of a Monte Carlo simulation. The results show the utility of the IČ index as a complement to the Q test, although it has the same problems of power with a small number of studies. Tania Huedo-Medina http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/15 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/15 Thu, 20 Oct 2005 06:14:56 PDT Ley A. Killeya http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/14 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/14 Wed, 19 Oct 2005 09:52:04 PDT Blair T. Johnson http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/13 http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/13 Fri, 14 Oct 2005 08:50:34 PDT Blair T. Johnson